Gallo of Sonoma - Glossary

Malolactic Fermentation: Secondary fermentation that may occur either during primary fermentation or after primary fermentation is completed. This is the conversion of tart malic acid into softer lactic acid. This process can be induced or occur naturally.
Maturity: A result of the growing season related to "hang time" where the vine absorbs the flavors and trace elements from the soil which then account for the extract in the wine. The extract is the intense flavor that is only 1% of wine.
Microclimate: A climate within a larger climate. The area immediately surrounding the canopy of the grape vines. A Macroclimate is the climate over a broad region. A Mesoclimate is the climate of a small area such as a vineyard.
Mouthfeel: Tasting term for the texture of a wine. Example: smoothness.
Must: Combination of juice, skins, and seeds of the grapes .